Companies Act 2013

INC-20A Mistakes and Practical Challenges: 10 Errors That Delay Your Commencement of Business Declaration

INC-20A mistakes and practical challenges: 10 errors that delay the commencement of business declaration under Section 10A, with fixes and penalty exposure.

How a Private Limited Company Can Distribute Profits to Shareholders: 6 Legal Routes, Tax and Traps

Distribute profits to shareholders in a Private Limited Company: dividend (s.123), buyback, bonus shares, TDS and the deemed dividend trap, with images.

Common Non-Compliances for Private Limited Companies: Penalties, Examples and Checklist

Penalties, worked examples and a compliance calendar for the most common Companies Act defaults of a private limited company, with Section 446B relief.

Loans, Guarantees and Investments under Sections 185 and 186: Penalties, Non-Compliance and How to Stay Safe

Section 185 and 186 of the Companies Act, 2013: penalties for loans to directors and excess investments, who is liable, approvals, limits and compliance...

Related Party Transactions under the Companies Act, 2013: A Plain-Language Guide to Sections 2(76), 177 and 188

Related party transactions under the Companies Act, 2013 explained: who is a related party, Sec 188 and 177 approvals, thresholds, AOC-2 and penalties.

ROC Annual Filing: AOC-4, MGT-7, Due Dates and the Penalty for Missing Them

ROC annual compliance for private companies and LLPs: AGM, AOC-4, MGT-7, ADT-1, DPT-3, MSME-1, DIR-3 KYC, due dates, additional fees, penalties and director disqualification...

Private Limited vs LLP vs OPC: Which Structure Fits Your Start-up?

Private limited company vs LLP vs OPC vs partnership: compliance, taxation, funding, liability and exit, with a decision table for Indian founders.

Small Company Updated Definition @ MCA

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has redefined the landscape for private companies by enhancing the thresholds for classification as a Small Company. With...

The A-to-Z of Shareholders’ Agreements: Everything You Need to Know

Whether you're a budding startup founder, a seasoned investor, or simply someone trying to understand how businesses run behind the scenes, this is your...

FLA Return under FEMA